ICSE Class 10 Biology Sample Question Paper 1 with Answers
Maximum Marks: 40
Time: 1 1/2 Hours
General Instructions
- Answers to this Paper must be written on the paper provided separately.
- You will not be allowed to write during the first 10 minutes.
- This time is to be spent in reading the question paper.
- The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answers.
- Attempt all questions from Section A and any four questions from Section B.
- The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ].
Section-A [10 Marks]
(Attempt all questions from this Section)
Question 1.
Name the following by choosing the correct answers to the questions from the given options. (Do not copy the question, Write the correct answer only.)
(i) A muscular wall is absent in:
(a) Capillary
(b) Vein
(c) Venule
(d) Arteriole
Answer:
(a) Capillary
Explanation:
Capillary is a very narrow tube (about 8 pm in diameter), it’s wTall consist of a single layer of squamous epithelial cells, and muscles are absent. The functions of capillaries involve:
(i) Outward and inward diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide respectively.
(ii) To allow inward and outward diffusion of substances like glucose, amino acids, urea, hormones etc.
(ii) The outermost layer of meninges:
(a) Piamater
(b) Arachnoid layer
(c) Grey matter
(d) Duramater
Answer:
(d) Duramater
Explanation:
The brain is protected by three membranous coverings called meanings which continue backwards on the spinal cord. It has three layers:
Duramater: outermost tough fibrous membrane
Arachnoid: Thin delicate middle layer giving a cells like cushion.
Piamater: Innermost highly vascular membrane, richly supplied with blood.
(iii) Tear gland is also called:
(a) Gastric gland
(b) Lacrimal gland
(c) Salivary gland
(d) Sebaceous gland
Answer:
(b) Lacrimal gland
Explanation:
Tear glands or lacrimal glands are located at the upper sideward portion of the orbit. Six to twelve ducts of the gland pour the secretion over the front surface.
→ Tear gland spreads the liquid which serves as a lubricant.
→ Tears keep front surface clean by washing away dust particles.
(iv) Which one of the following is not a simple reflex?
(a) Coughing
(b) Blinking
(c) Eating
(d) Swallowing
Answer:
(c) Eating
Explanation:
Blinking, coughing, sneezing are protective simple reflex actions.
Salivation, swallowing, peristalsis are simple reflections which provide functional efficiency. Eating is an example of voluntary action.
(v) Loop of Henle lies in:
(a) Medulla
(b) Cortex
(c) Pelvis
(d) Ureter
Answer:
(a) Medulla
Explanation:
Loop of henle is the middle U-shaped part shaped like a hairpin, it is not convulated. If runs in medulla to turn back and re-enter the cortex to continue into next convulated region of tubule.
(vi) The pigment that gives colour to urine:
(a) Haemoglobin
(b) Chlorophyll
(c) Urochrome
(d) Melanin
Answer:
(c) Urochrome
Explanation:
Urine is clean yellow in colour because of the pigment urochrome.
(vii) The number of spinal nerves in human:
(a) 12 pairs
(b) 23 pairs
(c) 31 pairs
(d) 10 pairs
Answer:
(c) 31 pairs
Explanation:
Spinal nerves emerge from the spinal cord. There are thirty-one pairs:
8 pairs in neck 5 pairs in sacral
12 pairs in thorax 1 pair in coccygeal region.
5 pairs in lumbar region
(viii) The mineral element needed for the functioning of the Thyroid gland:
(a) Sodium
(b) Potassium
(c) Magnesium
(d) Iodine
Answer:
(d) Iodine
Explanation:
Thyroid gland is a bilobed (butterfly-shaped) structure situated is front of the neck just below the larynx secretes two hormones-thyroxine and calcitonin. Undersecretion of thyroxine leads to goitre, cretinism and myxoedema the undersecretion of thyroxine is majorly due to deficiency of iodine in diet.
(ix) The part of the brain concerned with memory:
(a) Cerebrum
(b) Cerebellum
(c) Pons
(d) Medulla Oblongata
Answer:
(a) Cerebrum
Explanation:
The cerebrum is a part of the fore brain, it is a seat of intelligence, memory, consciousness, will power, voluntary actions.
(x) The pigmented circular area seen in front of the eye:
(a) Cornea
(b) Lens
(c) Iris
(d) Ciliary muscles
Answer:
(c) Iris
Explanation:
Iris (Latin: rainbow) is an extension of choroid, partially covering the lens and leaving a circular opening in the centre, the pupil, the blue, brown or black colour of the eye refers to the colour of the iris.
Section-B[40 Marks]
(Attempt any three questions from this Section)
Question 2.
(i) Explain the term ‘Tropic hormone’. Give one example of a Tropic hormone. [2]
(ii) Give the location of Pericardial fluid. What is its function? [2]
(iii) Given below is the diagram of a human blood smear. Label the parts numbered 1, 2 and 3. [3]
(iv) Give the biological terms for the three ear ossicles. [3]
Answer:
(i) The term “tropic hormone” refers to those hormones which stimulate other endocrine glands to produce their specific hormone such as gonadotropic hormones secreted by anterior pituitary and also stimulate gonads to produce certain hormones.
Examples of these hormones include:
→ Thyroid stimulating hormone (stimulates thyroid to secrete thyroxine)
→ Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-(Stimulates Adrenal cortex)
→ Gonadotropic hormones (Regulate activities of gonads, i.e., testes and ovaries)
(ii) The heart is protected by a double walled membranous covering called ‘pericardium’. It contains lubricating pericardial fluid which reduces friction during heart beat and protects it from mechanical injuries.
(iii) 1. RBC’s-Red Blood Cells (Erythrocyte’s)
2. WBC’s- White Blood Cells
3. Platelets
(iv) The three ear ossicles are:
Hammer (Malleus) Anvil (Incus) Stirrup (stapes).
Question 3.
(i) Mention two structural differences between an artery and a vein. [2]
(ii) Where is Bicuspid valve located? What is its function? [2]
(iii) Draw a neat diagram of a Malpighian capsule and label any two parts. [3]
(iv) Define the term ‘Excretion’, Which are the two main organic wastes present in urine? [3]
Answer:
(i) Structural difference between artery and vein.
| Artery | Vein |
| It has thick muscular walls. | It has thin muscular walls |
| Valves are absent | Valves are present |
| lumen Narrow | lumen Wide |
| Contains oxygenated blood | Contains deoxygenated blood |
| Carries blood away from heart | Brings blood toward heart |
(ii) Bicuspid valve: The Bicuspid valve is located between left auricle and left ventricle. It has 2 leaf like flaps. Its function is to prevent the reverse flow of blood from left ventricle to left auricle.
(iii)
(iv) The process of removal of chemical wastes (Mainly Nitrogenous) from the body is known as “excretion”. It plays an important role in maintaining the homeostatic (steady state) condition of the body.
Two main organic wastes present in the kidney are urea (2.3 g/L), creatinine (1.5 g/L) and uric acid (10.7 g/L)
Question 4.
(i) Name the substance that initiates blood clotting. What is the mineral element essential to form a blood clot? [2]
(ii) Give the exact location of Adrenal gland. [2]
(iii) Mention any three functions of Adrenaline. [3]
(iv) What is the contraction phase of auricles called? Name the two valves that open during this phase. [3]
Answer:
(i) Blood platelets play a pivotal role in the clotting of blood. At the site of injury, platelets disintegrate to release a chemical substance thrombokinase which initiates the process of clotting of blood.
The mineral element essential for blood clotting is calcium. Calcium ions help thrombokinase to convert Prothrombin (in active) x
\(\frac { Ca ions }{ Thrombokinase }\) Thrombin (active)
(ii) Adrenal glands are like caps, above the kidneys (ad-near; renal-kidney). Each adrenal gland has two parts:
1. a central medulla
2. a peripheral cortex
(iii) Adrenaline hormone is secreted by the adrenal medulla. It prepares the body to meet any emergency situation for “fight”- i.e., to face danger, or for “flight” to run away from it.
Its functions are:
→ It increases heart beat accompanied by an increase in blood pressure.
→ It increases blood supply to the muscles while decreasing it to the skin and visceral organs.
→ More glucose is released into the blood by the liver (like putting more fuel into the engine)
(iv) The contraction phase of auricles is known as atrial systole.
The opening of vena cava and pulmonary vein close, and the blood enters the ventricles by crossing through tricuspid and bicuspid valve. The semilunar valves at the roots of pulmonary artery and aorta are closed producing the sound “DUBB” to prevent back flow of blood into ventricles.
Question 5.
(i) How are cytons and axons arranged in the spinal cord? [2]
(ii) We cannot distinguish colours in dim light. Explain by giving a suitable reason. [2]
(iii) Given below is a diagram depicting a defect of the human eye. Answer the questions that follow: [3]
(a) Give the scientific term for the defect.
(b) Mention one possible reason for the defect.
(c) What type of lens can be used to correct the defect? [3]
(iv) What are hormones? Name any two hormones secreted by the Pituitary gland.
Answer:
(i) Spinal cord extends from the medulla of the brain down almost the whole length of the backbone to the end at the second lumbar vertebra and lies within the neural canal of the vertebrae.
The arrangement of white matter (axons) and grey matter (cytons) is the reverse of the brain. Gray matter (cytons) and association neurons lie on the inner side and white matter (axons) are present on the outer side.
(ii) Rods are abundantly found in the retina and are sensitive to dim light. Rods also detect changes in the intensity of light across the field of vision and thus aid in the perception of movement. Rods do not play a role in distinguishing colour, and cones are insensitive to dim light. That is why colours can’t be seen in dim light.
(iii) (a) Myopia (short sightedness)
(b) There are two possible reason for myopia one is the eyeball is lengthened from front to back and other is the lens is too curved. Both these reasons might as well occur together.
(c) Myopia can be corrected by using a suitable concave (diverging) lens which causes the light rays to diverge before they strike the lens of the eye.
(iv) Hormone is a secretion from some glandular part of the body, which is poured into the blood and acts on the target organs or cells of the same individual, Pituitary gland is known as the “master gland” because it seems to control practically all other endocrine glands. Some important hormones secreted by the pituitary gland includes:
Growth hormone (GH) – somatotropin:
- Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
- Gonad Stimulating Hormone
- Adreno Cortico Tropic Hormone (ACTH)
- Anti Diuretic Hormone (ADH)
- Oxytocin
Question 6.
(i) From where the following nerves arise: [2]
(a) Optic nerve
(b) Auditory nerve
(ii) Give the full form of the following abbreviations: [2]
(a) TSH
(b) A D H
(iii) What are the three main parts of the membranous labyrinth? [3]
(iv) Complete the following table by filling in the blanks (a) to (c): [3]
| Gland | Hormone Secreted | Effect Of Oversecretion |
| Pancreas | (a) __________ | Hypoglycemia |
| Thyroid | (b) __________ | (c) __________ |
Answer:
(i) (a) Optic nerve – Diencephalon
(b) Auditory nerve – sensory cells present in cochlea
(ii) (a) TSH – Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
(b) ADH – Anti Diurectic Hormone.
(iii) The bony labyrinth is a membranous structure and is divided into three parts:
- The semicircular ducts
- Two sac like structures – the saccule and the utricle (in the vestibule)
- The cochlear duct (the only part of the ear involved in hearing)
(iv)
| Gland | Hormone Secreted | Effect Of Oversecretion |
| Pancreas | (a) Insulin | Hypoglycemia |
| Thyroid | (b) Thyroxine | (c) Exophthalmic goitre |